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"The women lived in a constant state of fear
and uncertainty. They knew they had to submit to some kind
of experiments invented by the SS doctors, and that when
their role ends--the role of guinea pigs-- they will be sent
to Birkenau, where the gas chamber would be waiting for them....I
had the feeling that I was in a place which was half hell
and half lunatic asylum." Dr.
Dora Klein, Inmate/Nurse, Auschwitz
On the way to the gas chambers. CL:Archives
of the State Museum in Oswiecim
A women's barracks. CL:Archives of the
State Museum in Oswiecim
At Auschwitz-Birkenau, the
Nazis manufactured death with cold, industrial efficiency.
Between April 1942 and November 1944, 2,000,000 Jews were
gassed. In addition hundreds of thousands of non-Jews, including
Poles, Soviet P.O.W.'s and Gypsies were murdered. To erase
all signs of their horrific deeds, the Nazis reduced corpses
to ashes in the crematoria. Operating day and night, the
five Auchwitz-Birkenau gas chambers and ovens murdered and
cremated as many as 9,000 individuals per day.
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A ten-year-old female inmate after liberation;
1945. CL:Archives of the State Museum in Oswiecim
Sadistic and brutal medical
experiments were conducted at Auschwitz-Birkenau by Josef
Mengele and other "physicians" like Johann Paul Kremer, Horst
Schumann, Fritz Klein, and Carl Clauberg. Twins, dwarfs,
pregnant women and other selected prisoners were used for
gruesome "genetic" studies.
Birkenau. Prisoners digging a drainage ditch. CL:Archives
of the State Museum in Oswiecim
Living in filth and struggling
against starvation, the people who could still work had the
most likely chance for survival, a slim hope at best. An
injury, often the result of the casual brutality of the guards,
was synonymous with a death warrant.
Polish children, numbered and photographed,
upon arrival CL:Archives of the State Museum in Oswiecim
Birkenau. Crematory ovens. Photos by SS officer,
1943. CL:Archives of the State Museum in Oswiecim
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